A wind farm is a group of wind turbines used for production of electric power in the same location. The first wind turbine generating electricity was a battery charging machine implemented in July 1887 by Scottish academic and James Blyth to light his holiday home in Marykirk, Scotland.

Airflows can be used to run wind turbines. Wind also is a form of solar energy. Modern wind turbines range from around 600 kW to 5 MW of rated power, although turbines with rated output of 1.53 MW have become the most general for commercial use; the power output of a turbine is a function of the cube of the wind speed, so as wind speed increases, power output increases dramatically.

Winds are caused by the uneven heating of the atmosphere by the sun, the irregularities of the earth’s surface, and rotation of the earth are the factors to consider. We can describe the terms “wind energy” or “wind power” as this is a process by which the wind from the atmosphere is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Wind flow patterns are modified by the earth’s terrain, bodies of water, and vegetative cover. This wind flow, or motion energy, when “harvested” by modern wind turbines, can be used to generate electricity.

There are some wind turbines like aircraft propeller blades that turn in the moving air and as a consequent it makes an electric generator to supply the electric current. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. This process can be understood very easily as it works opposite to working of an electric fan. Electric fan is used to generate wind whereas in this process wind turbines are used to generate electric power. The turbine blades turn with the power of wind and it spins rapidly and it connects to a generator to produce electricity.

Renewable energy flows involve natural phenomena such as sunlight, tides, wind, geothermal heat and plant growth. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or a generator can convert this mechanical power into electricity to power homes, businesses, schools, and the like. A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines and cover an extended area of hundreds of square miles.

A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy. Wind turbines are available in a variety of sizes, and therefore power ratings. The practical limit to exploitation of wind power will be set by economic and environmental factors. If the mechanical energy is used to drive machinery, such as for grinding grain or pumping water, the device is called a windmill or wind pump. In the largest turbine machine the blades span more than a field of football ground and height is about 20 buildings and it can generate more energy that can power about 1400 homes. Wind turbines can rotate about either a horizontal or a vertical axis, the former being both older and more common. A small home-sized wind machine has rotors between 8 and 25 feet in diameter and stands upwards of 30 feet and can supply the power needs of an all-electric home or small business as well.

So the airflows can be used to run wind turbines. Modern wind turbines range from about 600 KW to 5MW of rated power. However the turbines with the range 1.5-3 MW is supposed to be the most common for commercial use. The power out is depend on the wind speed, so as wind speed increases, power output increases dramatically. The technical potential of wind energy is supposed to be about five times total current global energy generation or 40 times current electricity demand. A quantitative measure of the wind energy available at any location is called the Wind Power Density (WPD) It is a calculation of the mean annual power available per square meter of swept area of a turbine, and is tabulated for different heights above ground. The wind turbines and wind resources are found in many locations in United States. Wind speed is the very important aspect and a critical feature of wind resources this is can be said because the power being generated from wind is proportional to the speed of wind. Means the stronger wind can generate more power.

Many of the largest operational onshore wind farms are located in the USA. As of November 2010, the Roscoe Wind Farm is the largest onshore wind farm in the world at 781.5 MW, followed by the Horse Hollow Wind Energy Center (735.5 MW). In India wind energy sector has an installed capacity of 11807.00 MW (as on March 31, 2010). In terms of wind power installed capacity, India is ranked 5th in the World and this shows that how much wind energy is produced in this country and being used. Today India is a major player in the global wind energy market. For India, renewable energy production such as wind power plays a huge role in supporting future generations and providing them with a source of clean, low cost electricity .

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